Science · Nature

Does the Moon Really Affect Us?

What research has found, and what remains uncertain.

The question

Does the full moon change how we sleep, feel or behave?

The short answer

The moon clearly moves oceans and times the lives of many animals. For humans the picture is mixed: some studies link the lunar cycle to sleep, while popular beliefs about births and emergencies have not held up.

New First qtr Full Last qtr Day 0 ≈ 29.5 days
One synodic month, new moon to new moon, lasts about 29.5 days.

What science knows

Established Science

The moon’s gravity, with the sun’s, drives ocean tides. Many marine animals time their lives to the lunar cycle: corals on the Great Barrier Reef spawn en masse on nights after a spring full moon.

The synodic month, from one new moon to the next, averages about 29.53 days.

The pattern

Mixed Evidence

Where the evidence stands on common claims:

ClaimWhat studies have found
TidesEstablished
Animal spawning and behaviourWell documented in many species
Human sleepSome studies find later, shorter sleep before a full moon; others do not
Menstrual cyclesOne long-term study found intermittent synchrony in some women; not a general rule
Birth ratesLarge studies find no link
Emergency rooms, “lunacy”No reliable effect found

What is still uncertain

Active Research

A 2013 lab study found people slept about 20 minutes less around the full moon, but it was small and later studies were mixed. A 2021 study in Argentina and the US found people went to bed later and slept less in the days before a full moon, possibly from extra evening light. The mechanism, if any, is unknown.

Why humans find it interesting

Cultural Tradition

The word “lunatic” comes from the Latin luna. Lunar calendars still set Ramadan, the Lunar New Year and Easter, and many farming traditions plant by the moon.

CUE perspective

CUE Perspective

The moon is a good test of honesty. The tides are certain; the claims about people are not, and CUE does not pretend otherwise.

What CUE takes from the moon is the idea of a cycle you can plan with, and the discipline of saying “evidence is mixed” when it is.

Explore next

Sources

  • Cajochen et al., “Evidence that the lunar cycle influences human sleep”, Current Biology 23 (2013)
  • Casiraghi et al., “Moonstruck sleep: synchronization of human sleep with the moon cycle under field conditions”, Science Advances 7 (2021)
  • Helfrich-Förster et al., “Women temporarily synchronize their menstrual cycles with the luminance and gravimetric cycles of the Moon”, Science Advances 7 (2021)
  • Staboulidou et al., “The influence of lunar cycle on frequency of birth, birth complications, neonatal outcome and the gender”, Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 278 (2008)

Written by CUE from the sources above. Some topics were suggested by Polymath; its claims are not reproduced.